grammar review of parts of speech and parts of the sentence who or what the sentence is about. Uses main verb object of an action verb. Answers "who" or "what" after the verb. precedes the direct object. Answers "to whom" or "to what". Does NOT occur in a prep phrase. describes subject. occurs in predicate. found with linking verbs. renames the subject. is "flip-able" with subject. found with linking verbs. found with action verbs. must be preceded by a direct object. renames or describes the direct object. central verb of the sentence. May be a verb phrase. connects to the subject of the sentence. noun or pronoun the sentence is about. no adjectives or descriptive clauses included. a word or a name only. focus of the sentence. includes all descriptive elements like adjectives, adjective clauses, phrases part of the sentence separate from the complete subject order for action verb complements object of the preposition direct object indirect object object complement simple subject. complete subject predicate adjective predicate nominative