Cards to help students get a better understanding of earthquakes, faults, and continental drift. Core, mantel, and crust. No, the outer core is a liquid and the inner core is a solid. The vibrations from earthquakes that travel through the Earth. Body waves, and surface waves. They travel through the Earth's interior and are classified as P-waves and S-waves. Primary Waves are longitudinal waves. They compress and expand the material through which they move. Rayleigh waves and love waves A combination of P and S-waves. It is both longitudinal and transversal. It is very damaging to building structures, it is like the Rayleigh wave on it's side. Tells the surface to move forward and backward AND left and right at the same time. No Primary Waves because they travel faster through surfaces. After P-Waves. When they are at the surface, they decrease in amplitude with depth. Yes, the waves velocity is dependent on the frequency. Rayleigh Waves Oceanic crust and continental crust. It is about 35km thick, it floats in the denser mantle. At large mountain ranges it is twice as thick. More dense than the crust, it is 82% of Earth's volume and 65% of the mass. This is Earth's thickest layer. Warmer than the crust, divided into two regions: lithosphere and asthenosphere twice as dense as mantel, 15% of Earth's volume and 30% of mass. temperatures are known to reach at least 7,200degreesC. Source of heat is Radioactivity. Pressure here is less therefore iron and nickle flow in a liquid phase. Supercontinent Pangaea started to break up about 200 million years ago. Continents "drifted" to their present positions, and "plowed" their way through the ocean crust. Fossils match across oceans, geographic fit of South America and Africa. Rock types and structures match across oceans. Earth's outer shell is broken into thin, curved plates that move laterally atop a weaker underlying layer. divergent, convergent, and transform. At plate boundaries.